Parathyroidectomy: Whom and when?

Ureterocutaneostomy: for whom and when?

OBJECTIVE To discuss the indications and the results of the patients treated with ureterocutaneostomy (UCN) for urinary diversion in our center. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between March 2008 and November 2012, 27 patients (19 males and 8 females) were treated with UCN in our clinic. Patients' ages ranged between 56-78 years. Radical cystectomy was performed on 21 of these patients. The patients und...

Preoperative therapy: what, when and for whom?

Nowadays, early breast cancer is regarded as a systemic disease with a loco-regional component. Thus, systemic treatment comprises a fundamental component of the treatment of patients suffering from this disease. Preor postoperative administration of cytotoxic therapy has similar efficacy in this setting [1]. Current understanding of the target population, aims as well as schedules, will be dis...

Cognitive Reflection Test : Whom , how , when 1

We report the results of a meta-study of 118 Cognitive Reflection Test studies comprising of 44,558 participants across 21 countries. There is a negative correlation between being female and the overall, and individual, correct answers to CRT questions. Taking the test at the end of an experiment negatively impacts performance. Monetary incentives do not impact performance. Overall students per...

Checkpoint and PARP inhibitors, for whom and when

Statins and children: whom do we treat and when?

Although the debate about when, whom, and how to treat adults with elevated low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) is essentially over because of a huge amount of data generated by large, clinical end-point, placebo-controlled trials with HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins),1–3 the issue in children and adolescents is not yet settled. In this issue of Circulation, Rodenburg and colleague...